Global energy markets experienced significant activity as crude oil prices rose due to OPEC+ quotas, Iranian sanctions, and positive economic data, though US-China tensions pose a risk. Various nations saw developments in their energy sectors, including Mauritania's first gas exports, Bahrain's resumed LNG imports, and Europe reducing reliance on Russian oil. Shifting regulatory landscapes and strategic decisions impacted energy operations, such as the halt of a US offshore wind project and a potential Italian refinery sale. Broader trends included China's record coal production, a US refinery closure due to regulations, and progress towards a major copper mine in Arizona. Finally, geopolitical factors influenced the sector, with a minerals development agreement between Ukraine and the US, and alleged private security involvement in Congo's resource management.