Oil refineries play a crucial role in the global energy market, processing crude oil into various valuable products such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel.

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The sheer scale and complexity of refineries involve astonishing feats of engineering and require in-depth expertise from initial conception straight through to commissioning and operation. , Here are some of the most important refineries around the world, known for their size, capacity, and technological advancements:

1. Jamnagar Refinery, India

The Jamnagar Refinery, operated by Reliance Industries, is the largest in the world. Located in Gujarat, India, it has a processing capacity of approximately 1.24 million barrels per day (bpd). This massive complex includes two refineries and is known for its advanced technology and efficiency.

2. Paraguaná Refinery Complex, Venezuela

The Paraguaná Refinery Complex, managed by PDVSA, is the second-largest refinery globally, with a capacity of around 940,000 (bpd). Situated in Punto Fijo, Falcón, it plays a vital role in Venezuela's oil industry.

3. Ulsan Refinery, South Korea

Operated by SK Energy, the Ulsan Refinery in South Korea has a capacity of 850,000 (bpd). It is one of Asia's largest and most advanced refineries, contributing significantly to the region's energy supply.

4. Ruwais Refinery, UAE

The Ruwais Refinery, owned by the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC), has a capacity of 817,000 (bpd). Located in the United Arab Emirates, it is a key player in the Middle East's oil refining sector.

5. Yeosu Refinery, South Korea

The Yeosu Refinery, operated by GS Caltex, processes around 730,000 (bpd). It is another major refinery in South Korea, known for its high efficiency and advanced processing capabilities.

6. Onsan Refinery, South Korea

Managed by S-Oil, the Onsan Refinery in Ulsan, South Korea, has a capacity of 669,000 (bpd). It is a significant contributor to the country's refining capacity.

7. Dangote Refinery, Nigeria

The Dangote Refinery, located in Lekki, Nigeria, is one of the largest refineries in Africa with a capacity of 650,000 bpd. It is anticipated to revolutionize Nigeria’s oil industry and significantly decrease its reliance on imported refined products.

8. Galveston Bay Refinery, USA

The Galveston Bay Refinery in Texas City, operated by Marathon Petroleum, boasts a capacity of 631,000 barrels per day (bpd). It is one of the largest refineries in the United States and plays a crucial role in the country's energy supply.

9. Beaumont Refinery, USA

The Beaumont Refinery, owned by ExxonMobil, is located in Texas and has a capacity of 630,000 (bpd). It is a key facility in ExxonMobil's refining operations.

10. Port Arthur Refinery, USA

The Port Arthur Refinery, operated by Saudi Aramco, is also located in Texas and has a capacity of 630,000 (bpd). It is one of the largest refineries in North America.

These refineries are not only significant due to their size but also because of their technological advancements and contributions to the global energy market. They are crucial in maintaining a consistent supply of refined products to satisfy global energy demands.